Dec. 15, 1886.]
THE SANITARY RECORD.
CREMATION NOTES.
ON Nov. 22 the crematory of the Cremation Society of England was made use of for the eleventh time, the remains incinerated being those of a gentleman resident in London, aged 54. The cremation lasted the usual time under such circumstances, and the ashes which resulted weighed 4 lbs. It is very evident that the idea of cremation is progressing apace.
The twelfth cremation of a human body in the crematory of the Cremation Society of England, St. John's, near Woking, took place on the 10th inst. The deceased, who died from consumption in the University of London College Hospital, was a servant of the Prince of Chamba, an Indian potentate. The obsequies were arranged by some members of the Arya Samaj, and a procession of various friends of the deceased followed the hearse for some distance, which was covered with a pall bearing the inscription of the Indian Society which advocates cremation. The deceased was of the Brahmin caste and named Chamaban. This is the first cremation of a Hindoo subject of Her Majesty in England. The friends who were allowed to witness the cremation were greatly satisfied with the means employed by the Society and with the result, and carefully removed the ashes for conveyance to India.
PARKS AND OPEN SPACES.
"God Almighty first planted a garden, and indeed it is the purest of all pleasures."
NEW PUBLIC PARK.--The Duke of Sutherland has presented fifty acres of land to the borough of Longton, North Staffordshire, for a public park, and has also expressed his willingness to assist in the cost of laying out the land. Mr. John Aynsley, Mayor of the borough, has contributed £1,000 towards the cost of carrying out the scheme.
FIVE gentlemen have already agreed to become guarantors for the purchase of the Beech Grove Estate, Newcastle, with the view of preserving for the future use of the public, and adding it to the adjoining Elswick Park.
PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS ON SANITARY SUBJECTS PUBLISHED IN NOVEMBER.
India. Report on Sanitary Measures in India in 1884-85; together with Miscellaneous Information up to June 1886. Vol. xviii., PP. 263... 25. 10. European and Native Troops.--General Population.--Vaccination, History of chief Diseases.--Sanitary Works.--Reports of the Medical Officers of Health for Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay.
Public Health, Scotland. Forty-first Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor and of Public Health in Scotland, 1885-86. Pp. xxviii. 279. 8vo. Plan
I. II. Reports of Inspecting Public Health Officers on their respective districts. Sketch of Ashpit and Privy.--Circulars and Orders regarding Cholera.--Vaccination Report and Statistics.
Shops. Index to the Report from the Select Committee on Shop Hours Regulation Bill. Pp. 277-349... 9d. Health of Shop Assistants.--Ventilation, &c.
SANITARY INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS.
THIS Institute held an examination for Local Surveyors on November 15 and 16, which appears from the papers appended to have been of a sufficiently searching nature.
Question 1.--Mention the chief Public Health and other Acts in force relating to--(A) Water supply; (B) Sewerage.
295
301
Question 2.--Define By-law. What is meant by--(A) Provisional Order; (B) Special Drainage District; (C) Contributory Place; (D) Inquiry by Local Government Board; (E) Power of Entry?
Answer.--A By-law is an Act or Resolution of a Local Authority under Seal made for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of the Public Health Act, 1875, having all the weight of a local Act, but it may be repealed or altered by a subsequent resolution or by-law; a by-law further gives local authorities power to inflict a penalty to the extent of not exceeding £5 and £40 per day for a continued breach of the said by-laws.
(A) A Provisional Order is an order made by the Local Government Board in pursuance of the Public Health Act, 1875, sect. 207, at the request of the local authority after due publication by advertisement, and public inquiry by the Local Government Board inspector usually to put in force the powers of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Acts of 1845, 1860, and 1863; the Provisional Order being afterwards confirmed by an Act of Parliament which becomes a public general Act.
1. The Local Government Board shall not make any provisional order under this Act unless public notice of the purport of the proposed order has been previously given by advertisement in two successive weeks in some local newspaper circulating in the district to which such provisional order relates. 2. Before making any such provisional order, the Local Government Board shall consider any objections which may be made thereto by any persons affected thereby, and in cases where the subject-matter is one to which a local inquiry is applicable, shall cause to be made a local inquiry, of which public notice shall be given in manner aforesaid, and at which all persons interested shall be permitted to attend and make objections. 3. The Local Government Board may submit to Parliament for confirmation any provisional order made by it in pursuance of this Act, but any such order shall be of no force whatever unless and until it is confirmed by Parliament. 4. If, while the Bill confirming any such order is pending in either House of Parliament, a petition is presented against any order comprised therein, the Bill, so far as it relates to such order, may be referred to a select committee, and the petitioner shall be allowed to appear and oppose as in the case of private Bills. 5. Any Act confirming any provisional order, made in pursuance of any of the sanitary Acts or of this Act, and any order in council made in pursuance of any of the sanitary Acts, may be repealed, altered, or amended by any provisional order made by the Local Government Board, and confirmed by Parliament. 6. The Local Government Board may revoke, either wholly or partially, any provisional order made by them before the same is confirmed by Parliament, but such revocation shall not be made whilst the Bill confirming the order is pending in either House of Parliament. 7. The making of a provisional order shall be prima facie evidence that all the requirements of this Act in respect of proceedings required to be taken previously to the making of such provisional order have been complied with. 8. Every Act confirming any such provisional order shall be deemed to be a public general Act. Sect. 297.
Costs of--The reasonable costs of any local authority in respect of provisional orders made in pursuance of this Act, and of the inquiry preliminary thereto, as sanctioned by the Local Government Board, whether in promoting or opposing the same, shall be deemed to be expenses properly incurred for purposes of this Act by the local authority interested in or affected by such provisional orders, and such costs shall be paid accordingly; and if thought expedient by the Local Government Board, the local authority may contract a loan for the purpose of defraying such costs. Sect. 298.
(B) A special drainage district is best defined by the words of the Public Health Act, 1875--viz. It shall be lawful for a rural authority by resolution to be approved by the Local Government Board, but not otherwise, to constitute any portion of the area within their jurisdiction a special drainage district, for the purpose of charging thereto exclusively the expenses of the works of sewage, water supply, or other works, which by this Act are, or by order of the Local Government Board, may be declared to be special expenses, (see Sect. 211) and thereupon such area shall become a separate contributory place.
(C) A contributory place is a parish or part of a parish forming a part of a rural sanitary authority's district, and contributing separately to the common fund of the said district. Sect. 230, Public Health Act, 1875, recites that, For the purpose of obtaining payment from the several contributory places within their district of the sums to be contributed by them, the rural authority shall issue their precept to the overseers of each such contributory place requiring the overseers to pay, within a time limited by the precept, the amount specified in such precept to the rural authority or to some person appointed by them, care being taken to issue separate precepts in respect of contributions for general expenses and special expenses, or to make such expenses respectively separate items in any precept including both classes of expenses.
Where a contributory place is part of a parish as defined by this Act, the overseers of such parish shall for the purposes of this Act be deemed to be the overseers of such contributory place, and where any part of a contributory place is part of a parish, the overseers of such parish shall for the like purposes be deemed to be the overseers of such part of such contributory place.
(D) Inquiry by Local Government Board--Sect. 34. Public Health Act, 1875, states that 'The Local Government Board may, on application of the local authority, appoint an inspector to make inquiry on the spot into the propriety of the (any) intended work and into the objections thereto, and to report to the Local Government Board on receiving the report of such inspector the Local Government Board may make an order disallowing or allowing, with such modifications (if any) as they may deem necessary, the intended work.
Answer (A) Metropolis Water Act, Waterworks Clauses Acts, Waterworks Consolidation Act, Public Health Act (1875), Public Health (Water) Act (1878), and several others; (B) Public Health Act (1875), Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, Metropolis Main Drainage Act, Rivers Pollution Act (1876).
Dec. 15, 1886.]
THE SANITARY RECORD.
CREMATION NOTES.
ON Nov. 22 the crematory of the Cremation Society of England was made use of for the eleventh time, the remains incinerated being those of a gentleman resident in London, aged 54. The cremation lasted the usual time under such circumstances, and the ashes which resulted weighed 4 lbs. It is very evident that the idea of cresnation is progressing apace.
The twelfth cremation of a human body in the cre- matory of the Cremation Society of England, St. John's, near Woking, took place on the roth inst. The deceased, who died from consumption in the University of London College Hospital, was a servant of the Prince of Chamba, an Indian potentate. The obsequies were arranged by some members of the Ayra Somaj, and a procession of various friends of the deceased followed the hearse for some distance, which was covered with a pall bearing the inscription of the Indian Society which advocates crema- tion. The deceased was of the Brahmin caste and named Chamaban. This is the first cremation of a Hindoo subject of Her Majesty in England. The friends who were allowed. to witness the cremation were greatly satisfied with the means employed by the Society and with the result, aud carefully removed the ashes for conveyance to India.
PARKS AND OPEN SPACES.
God Almighty first planted a garden, and indeed it is the purest of all pleasures."
NEW PUBLIC PARK.--The Duke of Sutherland has presented fifty acres of land to the borough of Longton, North Staffordshire, for a public park, and has also expressed his willingness to assist in the cost of laying out the land. Mr. John Aynsley, Mayor of the borough, has contributed £1,000 towards the cost of carrying out the scheme.
FIVE genticmen have already agreed to become guarantors for the purchase of the Beech Grove Estate, Newcastle, with the view of preserving for the future use of the public, and adding it to the adjoining Elswick Park.
PARLIAMENTARY PAPERS ON SANI
TARY SUBJECTS PUBLISHED IN NOVEMBER.
India. Report on Sanitary Measures in India in 1884-85; together with Miscellaneous Information up to June 1886. Vol. xviii., PP. 263... 25. 10. European and Native Troops.-General Population.-Vacci- tion,History of chief Diseases.-Sanitary Works-Kepnets of the Medical Officers of Health for Calcutta, Madras, and Bombay. Public Health, Scotland. Forty-first Annual Report of the Board of Supervision for the Relief of the Poor and of Public Health in Scotland, 1885-86. Pp. xxviii. 279. Svo. Plan
I. II. Reports of Tuspecting Public Health Officers on their respective districts. Sketch of Ashpit and Privy.--Circulars and Orders regarding Cholera.--Vaccinarion Report and Statistics. Shops. Index to the Report from the Select Committee
on Shop Hours Regulation Bill. Pp. 277-349... gil. Health of Shop Assistants.-Ventilation, &c.
SANITARY INSTITUTE OF GREAT BRITAIN. QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS. THIS Institute held an examination for Local Sur- veyors on November 15 and 12, which appears from the papers appended to have been of a sufficiently searching nature.
Question 1.--Mention the chief Public Health and other Acts in force relating to--(4) Water supply; (6) Sewerage.
295
301
Question 2.-Define By-law. What is meant by-(4) Pro- visional Order; (8) Special Drainage District; (C) Contributory Place; (D) Inquiry by Local Government Board; (B) Power of Eatry?
Answer.--A By-law is an Act or Resolution of a Local Authority under Seal made for the purposes of carrying out the provisions of the Public Health Act, 1875, having all the weight of a local Act, but it may be repealed or altered by a subsequent resolution or by- law; a by-law further gives local authorities power to infier a penalty to the extent of not exceeding 5 and 4o. per day beyond for a con- tinued breach of the said by-laws.
(4) A Provisional Order is an order made by the Local Govern- ment Board in pursuance of the Public Health Act, 1875, sect. 207, at the request of the local authority after das publication by advertise ment, and public inquiry by the Local Government Board inspector usually to put in force the powers of the Lands Clauses Consolidation Acts of 1843, 1800, and 1963; the Provisional Order being afterwards confirmed by an Act of Parlament which becomes a public general Act.
T. The Local Government Board shall not make any provisional onder der this Act unless public notice of the purport of the pro- pased order has been previously given by advertisement in two suc- cessive weeks in some local newspaper circulating in the district to which such provisional order relates. 2. Before making any such provisional order, the Local Governsient Board shall consider any objections which may be made thereto by auy; persons affected thereby, and in cases where the subject-matter is one to which a local inquiry is applicable, shall cause to be made a local inquiry, of which public notice shall be given in taanner aforesaid, and at which all persons interested shall be permitted to attend and make objections. 3. The Local Government Board may submit to Parlament for con- firmation any provisional order made by it in pursuance of this Act, but any such order shall be of no force whatever unless and until it is confirmed by Parliament. 4. If, while the Bill confirming any such order is pending in either House of Parliament, a petition is pre- seated against any order comprised therein, the Bill, so far as it relates to such order, may be referred to a select committee, and the petitioner shall be allowed to appear and oppose as in the case of private Bills. 5. Any Act confirming any provisional order, made in pursuance of any of the sanitary Acts or of this Act, and any order in council made in pursuance of any of the sanitary Acts, may be re- penied, altered, or amended by any provisional order made by the Local Government Board, and confirmed by Parliament. 6. The Local Government Board may revoke, either wholly or parually, any provisional order made by them before the same is confirmed by Parliament, but such evocation shall not be made whilst the Bill con furning the order is pending in either House of Parliament, 7. The making of a provisional order shall be prin facie evidence that all the rents of this Act in respect of proceedings required to be taken previously to the making such provisional order have been complied with. 3. Every Act confirming any such provisional order shall be deemed to be a public general Act. Sect. 297.
Costs ofThe reasonable costs of any local authority in respect of provisional orders made in purstance of this Act, and of the inquiry preliminary thereto, as sanctioned by the Local Government Board, whether in promoting or opposing the same, shall be deemed to be expenses properly incurred for purposes of this Act by the loal authority interested in or affected by such provisional orders, and such costs shall be paid accordingly; and if thought expedient by the Local Government Board, the local authority may contract a loan for the purpose of defraying such costs. Sect. 298.
(B) A special drainage district is best defined by the words of the Public Health Act, 1875-viz. It shall be lawful for a rural authority by resolution to he approved by the Local Government Board, but not otherwise, to constitute any portion of the area within their jurisdiction a special drainage district, for the purpose of charging ilerno exclusively the expenses of the works of sewage, water supply, or other works, which by this Act are, or by order of the Local Government Board, may be declared to be special expenses, place Sect. 77. and thereupon such area shell become a separate contributory
(C) A contributory place is a parish or part of a parish forming a part of a rural sanitary authority's district, and contributing separately to the common fund of the said district. Sect. 230, Public Health Act, 1875, recites that, For the purpose of obtaining payment from the several contributory places within their district of the sums to be contributed by them, the ratal authority shall issue their precept to the overseers of each such contributory place requiring the overseers to pay, within a time limited by the precept, the amount specified in such precept to the rural authority or to some person appointed by them, care being taken to issue separate precepts in respect of con- tributions for general expenses and special expenses, or to make such expenses respectively separate items in any precept including both classes of expenses.
Where a contributory place is part of a parish as defined by this Act, the overseers of such parish shali for the purposes of this Act be deemed to be the overseers of such contributory place, and where any part of a contributory place is part of a parish, the overseers of such parish shall for the like purposes be deemed to be the overseers of such part of such contributory place.
(D) Inquiry by Local Government Board-Sect. 34. Public Health Acl, 1875, states that 'The Local Government Board may, on applica. tion of the local authority, appoint an inspector to make inquiry on the spot into the propriety of the (any) intended work and into the objections thereto. and to report to the Local Government Board on receiving the report of such inspector the Local Government Board the matters with respect to which such inquiry was directed, and on
Answer (4) Metropolis Water Act, Waterworks Clauses Acts, Waterworks Consolidation Act, Public Health Act (1875), Public Health (Water) Ace (1878), and several others; (B) Public Health Act (1875), Lands Clauses Consolidation Act, Metropolis Main Drain-may make an order disallowing or allowing, with such modifications age Act, Rivers Pollution Act (1876).
(if any) as they may deem necessary, the intended work.
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